Invited speaker at the AI & Big Data World Expo in London, UK, 2019.
Invited speaker at Datageeks Data Day, sponsored by BMW, Airbus and AID, 2019.
Proudly representing the Karolinska Institute at the annual high level meeting RAAIS on Artificial Intelligence at Google's headquarters in London, UK, July, 2018. You can see the logo of KI on the left hand side on top of KTH (no pun intended =) )
Invited talk at the IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM) in Shenzhen, China, December 2016.
 Invited by Prof. Slawek Nasuto to talk at the University of Reading in 2019. Packed circa 150-person auditorium attending. |
 Invited by Dr. Sara Walker and Prof. Paul Davies to talk at the Beyond Center, ASU in the U.S. |  Invited to Imperial College in London by Dr. Gregory Scott from the The Computational, Cognitive & Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory. |
I have been invited to talk about my research in over 20 countries and about 50 universities/organisations since 2005:
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| Past and coming |
- France: I am an invited speaker at the Congrès International sur Le Temps with talk tile Les machines peuvent-elles produire de l'aléatoire ? 21-23 November, 2020 at the Cité de Sciences in Paris, France.
- Sweden: I am the chair of the AUTOMATA 2020 conference to be held in Stockholm Sweden on 10-12 August 2020.
- UK: I am giving a talk at the world’s leading AI in medicine summit Wednesday 27th May 2020 UK Virtual Summit.
- Germany: I have been invited as keynote speaker at the Predictive Analytics World Healthcare in Munich on 11-12 May, 2020.
- UK: I have been invited to give a talk at R&R 2020, Representation and Reality In Humans, Other Living Organisms and Machines, New Directions, April 6-9, 2020, St Mary's University, London.
- UK: I have been invited to give a guest lecture on Algocyte and Responsible AI at the Henley Business School at the University of Reading on March 13th, 2020 at noon as part of the MSc programme on Digital Health and Data Analytics.
- UK: I will be opening the OIA and Austin Fraser sponsored event on AI in Healthcare at the Thames Valley Tower in Reading on Thursday 27 November 2019.
- UK: I was invited as keynote speaker to the LUMINOUS workshop on studying, measuring, and altering consciousness at Merton college at the University of Oxford where I will be talking about algorithmic cognition on Thursday 21 November 2019.
- Germany: I am attending a consortium meeting for a H2020 ERC proposal on AI for Health Imaging in Frankfurt, Germany on the 16 September 2019.
- Italy: I have been invited to participate at the FQXi's 6th International Conference, to take place at the Renaissance Tuscany Il Ciocco Resort & Spa, July 20-25, 2019 in Italy
- Mexico: I am an invited speaker at AUTOMATA 2019 to be held from 26 to 28 June 2019. My (working) talk tile is Algorithmic information reconstruction of space-time and phase-space dynamics of cellular automata, discrete and continuous systems.
- UK: I was invited to participate at CogX, the Festival of AI and Emergent Technologies on June 10-12, 2019 in London.
- U.S.: I have been invited to give a talk at the IS4SI summit 2019 at the University of Berkeley to be held in June 2-6, 2019 in the workshop devoted to morphological computing, natural computing, unconventional computing and intelligence.
- UK: I was invited to present at the Thames Valley Artificial Intelligence meetup organised by Barclays AI Frenzy and Innovation Catalyst (University of Reading) in Reading, where I spoke of the kind of AI needed for biological discovery, 16 May, 2019.
- UK: I have been invited to give a talk, an overview of my research at the Centre for Unconventional Computing at the Department of Computer Science, University of the West of England, date to be determined.
- U.S.: Invited speaker at Complex Systems @ Purdue, Purdue University, May 13-16 2019. I will be talking about measuring the complexity of complex systems, networks, dimensionality reduction/network compression, Indianapolis, U.S.
- Netherlands: Invited speaker at the Institute for Advanced Studies UvA Workshop Beyond Shannon at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands, 6-8 May, 2019.
- UK: Invited speaker at the Global AI & Big Data Expo, with a talk with title Towards Artificial General Intelligence: Machines that think beyond pattern matching, 25th April 5-6pm, Olympia exhibition centre, London.
- Morocco: I am a keynote speaker at the World Conference on Complex Systems 4th Edition, April 22-24, 2019.
- Germany: I am a speaker at the Datageeks Data Day 2019 with a talk title "Challenges and Limitations in Machine & Deep Learning" in Munich on 9 March, 2019. [video]
- Mexico: I have been invited to give a talk at the Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, my talk title is "How to Decode an Alien Message" on Feb 22nd, 2019.
- Mexico: I have been invited to give a talk at the Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas on Algorithmic Information Dynamics on Feb 18th. 2019.
- U.S.: I am attending the meeting At the Crossroad of Physics and Machine Learning at the Kavli Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, February 11-15, 2019.
- UK: I am giving an invited research seminar talk at the School of Biological Sciences seminar series, my talk title is Complexity in Biology: How to Cope and Learn From It, University of Reading, 29 January, 2019.
- UK: We are co-organising and I am giving a short talk at the UK-AI meeting on deep learning on "Challenges and Limitations of Machine and Deep learning", 23rd, January in London.
- UK: I have been invited to pitch our new AI, devices and healthcare projects in Oxford on 9th January 2019.
- France: I have been invited to give a talk with title "Computing the Uncomputable: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Algorithms" at the "Fonctions, machines, algorithmes" workshop in my former school in Paris, at the IHPST on 9th January 2019. My slides are available here.
- Spain: I am an invited speaker and panelist on Patterns in the world at the Department of Philosophy. My talk title is An Algorithmic World, University of Barcelona on December 14, 2018.
- UK: I am attending The 7th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications, December 11 - 13, 2018 in Cambridge.
- Spain: I am attending for 3rd year the IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine in Madrid, 3-6 December.
- Italy: I am attending WIVACE 2018, XIII Workshop on Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation, Parma, 10-12 September 2018.
- Japan: I am attending ALIFE 2018 where I was invited as member of the Scientific Program Committee, Tokyo, Japan, July 23 - 27, 2018
- UK: For 3rd non-consecutive year, I am attending the 4th Research and Applied AI Summit on Friday, and the LMS General Meeting and Hardy Lecture on the same day from 3:30 PM- 6:00 PM in London same day 29 June.
- France: I am attending NetSci 2018 in Paris 11-15, June 2018.
- UK: I have been invited to give a talk at Imperial College, London, at the C3NL Brain meeting in May 22, 2018.
- UK: I am participating in The Conscious Brain: the 15th Oxford Brain Day on Sat 24 Feb 2018 in Oxford.
- U.S.: I am attending the Thirty Second AAAI conference on Artificial Intelligence, Feb 2 - 7, in New Orleans, U.S.A.
- UK: I am participating in the Energy or Entropy? day at the University of Oxford on Sat 27 Jan 2018.
- UK: I will be attending the workshop on Theoretical and algorithmic underpinnings of Big Data at the Isaac Newton Institute in Cambridge, UK, 15th to 19th January 2018.
- Mexico: I was invited to open the meeting in celebration of late Prof. Harold McIntosh with a talk on cellular automata and characterisation measures on November 29, 2017.
- UK: I have been invited to give a talk on graph complexity at the Disordered Systems group of the Dept of Mathematics at King's College London at the Strand Campus on Monday 6 November, 12:00-13:00h, 2017.
- UK: I have been invited to attend the Inaugural Roger Penrose Oxford Mathematics Lecture by Stephen Hawking on 27th October 2017 (5pm) at the Mathematical Institute in Oxford.
- France: I am attending the Biennial International Conference on Artificial Evolution (EA-2017) in Paris from 25 to 27 October 2017.
- Sweden: Attending Emerging Topics in Biological Networks and Systems Biology, Symposium at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS) in Uppsala on 9-11 October, 2017.
- UK: I have been invited to give a talk at the British Academy sponsored event "Digital Culture and the Limits of Computation" at the University of Sussex, 21 September, 2017.
- UK: I am attending the Course on Complex Networks and Point Processes with Applications and the 2nd Symposium on Spatial Networks in Oxford from 11-14 September, 2017.
- Sweden: I am participating in the KTH Life Science Technology Day 2017 on "Bacteria – Foe & Friends" on August 31, 2017, 10:00–16:30 at Ångdomen within the main KTH Library building, Osquars backe 31.
- UK: I am attending the Course on Complex Networks and Point Processes with Applications and the 2nd Symposium on Spatial Networks in Oxford from 11-14 September, 2017.
- Sweden: I am participating in the KTH Life Science Technology Day 2017 on "Bacteria – Foe & Friends" on August 31, 2017, 10:00–16:30 at Ångdomen within the main KTH Library building, Osquars backe 31.
- Argentina: I was invited to give a seminar talk at the University of Buenos Aires on applications of algorithmic complexity to biology, end of July of 2017.
- Brazil: I was invited to give a talk at the DHST/DLMPS HaPoC symposium "The Ubiquity of Computing: historical and philosophical issues" at the 25th International Congress of History of Science and Technology in Rio de Janeiro, 23-29 July 2017.
- UK: I am participating in the The Role of Human Genes in Causing Diseases course at the Department of Continuing Education where I was invited to give a talk on biological networks, University of Oxford, 8 - 15 July, 2017.
- Finland: I was invited to give a keynote at a special session at Computability in Europe CiE 2017 (Unveiling Dynamics and Complexity) in Turku on 12-16 June, 2017.
- Sweden: I was invited to give a keynote at the Theoretical Information Studies symposium and a tutorial on calculating complexity at the IS4SI Summit 2017 on 12-16 June in Gothenburg, 2017.
- Sweden: I organized a mini-workshop on Causality, Computation, Information & Dynamical Systems in Biological and Artificial Systems, at Karolinska Institute on June 12, 2017 in Stockholm.
- UK: I am attending the Instant Expert on the future of health day organized by New Scientist on 6 May in London, 2017.
- Portugal: I am attending Complexis in Porto, 24-26 April, 2017.
- Spain: I will be attending the 5th International Work-Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (IWBBIO 2017) in Granada in 20-22 April, 2017.
- UK: I am attending the Instant Expert in the Mathematical World organized by New Scientist on 1 April in London, 2017.
- Croatia: I will be attending the 8th Conference on Complex Networks in Dubrovnik, March 21-24, 2017.
- Australia: I am attending MUST10: CAUSATION AND COMPLEXITY, 10th Munich-Sydney-Tilburg Conference in the Philosophy of Science, at the University of Sydney March 1-3 2017.
- Saudi Arabia: I will be spending a week at KAUST invited by Prof. J Tegner who is installing a 3-million lab to implement our methods for stem cell reprogramming in February 2017.
- China: I was invited again this year to deliver a talk at IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM 2016) conference in Shenzhen, 15-18 Dec 2016.
- Japan: I was invited to give a RIKEN Seminar on Information Dynamics and Reprogramming Genetic Networks at the Division of Genomic Technologies in December 2016.
- UK: I am enrolled in the Immunology: A Pathway Through the Maze course at the University of Oxford, Dec. 2016.
- U.S.: I am attending conferences in California and Texas, November, 2016.
- Sweden: I am attending the Swedish Bioinformatics Workshop 2016 in Linköping, 20th-21st of October, 2016.
- UK: I am attending the Open Data Science Conference (and Deep Learning) in London and the Fifteenth Mathematics of Networks meeting, University of Bath, September and October, 2016.
- Spain: I was invited to give a talk with title "Revealing Causal Content of Complex Networks" in the satellite session on "Molecular networks, the rise of networks of networks" of the International Conference on Systems Biology in Barcelona on September, 21 2016.
- Spain: I was invited to give a talk on Numerical Approximations to Non-computable Functions for Graph and Tensor Complexity at the Seminar on Proof Theory and Foundations of Mathematics at the University of Barcelona on September Tuesday 20, 2016.
- U.S.: I will be attending the Theory and Applications of Computational Chemistry TACC 2016 28 Aug-2 Sept 2016 in Seattle WA.
- Canada: I will be attending the biannual FQXi conference on the Physics of the Observer invited as a member of the FQXi on August 17-22, 2016 in Banff.
- Mexico: I was invited again to give an opening-day talk at the 2nd International Summer Symposium on Systems Biology (IS3B), 15-16 July, 2016.
- UK: I was invited by Playfair Capital to the second Playfair Summit on Artificial Intelligence 2016 on July 1st (from 8:30 AM) at Bloomberg Headquarters in London.
- Netherlands: I was invited to give a lecture on Turing machines at the Computational Science Laboratory (CSL), University of Amsterdam on June 15, 2016.
- South Korea: I will be attending the NetSci2016 (International School and Conference on Network Science) in Seoul, 30 May-3 June, 2016.
- Switzerland: I was invited to the Brain Forum in Switzerland, 26 May - 27 May, Lausanne, 2016.
- UK: I will be attending The Dynamics of Complex Systems conference in Warwick, 18-20 May, 2016.
- Mexico: I am co-organizing a special session on Big data in complex systems, complexity and artificial life at the 13th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC´2016), 28-30 April in Mexico City, 2016.
- US: I will be giving this year Coffee@Beyond seminar at the Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science on April 13 at Arizona State University in Tempe, 2016.
- France: I will be attending the 7th. Workshop on Complex Networks in Dijon, France on 23-25 March, 2016.
- Sweden: I will be attending the 27th Nordic Congress of Mathematicians, 16-20 March at Stockholm University, celebrating the 100th anniversary of Institut Mittag-Leffler and the City Hall reception, 2016.
- Spain: I will be attending the 2nd. International Winter School in Big Data in Bilbao from February 8-12, 2016.
- Sweden: Attending the Nobel Week Dialogue forum on The Future of Intelligence with Nobel prize winners and other thinkers in Gothenburg, Sweden 8-10 December, 2016.
- I was elected member of the London Mathematical Society at its meeting held on 13 November, 2015.
- Thailand: I will be giving a talk on Network Reconstruction Assessment at the IEEE Complex Networks conference, Bangkok, November 22-30.
- Netherlands: I have been invited by the organizers to give a talk with title "Information-theoretic approaches to network complexity and genetic reprogramming" at The Information Universe: What is the role of information in the physics of our Universe? at Infoversum where my presentation will be projected onto a 3D full dome screen, in the planetary of Groningen, Netherlands, October 7-9, 2015.
- UK: Invited by Google DeepMind's co-founder, Mustafa Suleyman, I gave a short talk at their headquarters in London aimed to find common ground for future collaboration, September 10th, 2015.
- UK: I am giving a talk at the Young Researchers in Mathematics conference in Oxford on 17-20 August 2015.
- Romania: We will be presenting the work of two of my students (Alberto and Santiago, well done!) Measuring the Complexity of Emergent Structures in Environments of Variable Complexity and Natural Computing as a Basis for New Computationalism at Computability in Europe (CiE) 2015 in Bucharest.
- UK: I organized a one-day mini-workshop on Philosophy and Computation in Oxford with 2 of my PhD students from UNAM and my former bachelor supervisor.
- Japan: I continue my exploration of the far east attending the 42nd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2015) in July 2015 in Kyoto and visiting Tokyo a week later.
- Sweden: My colleague -- and friend -- Narsis Kiani and I have been invited to give a seminar talk at the Department of Mathematics of Stockholm University on Graph Spectra with Complexity Measures: Information Content of Eigenvalues on May 27, 2015. The presentation is available online here.
- Finland: I will be presenting our work (with Alyssa, Edu and Joost) on "The Effects of Global Rules on Interacting Cellular Automata" at the 21st annual international workshop on cellular automata and discrete complex systems AUTOMATA on June 8-10 in Turku.
- UK: I will be attending the Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour (AISB) annual convention at Canterbury in Kent and the European Conference for Artificial Life (ECAL) 2015 conference in York.
- Austria: I gave a Keynote talk on What is Complexity? at the Complexity Science Conference in Vienna, Austria with other 8 keynote speakers including Steve Lansing, Michael Szell, Cesar A. Hidalgo, Ricard Sole, Gerhart Schmitt, Cathryn Carson, Brian Arthur and Albert-Lázló Barabási. February 8-10, 2015.
- Spain: I was invited to give a talk at the special session on Dynamic Network Inference and Analysis in Systems Medicine at the 3rd International Work-Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (IWBBIO 2015).
- UK: I was invited by friend and chair of the Turing Centenary Advisory Committee, Prof. Barry Cooper to give a talk at the Leeds Logic Seminar on Graph Algorithmic Probability and Network Complexity at the School of Mathematics, University of Leeds in January, 2015.
- U.S. I was invited by Paul Davies and Sara Walker to give a talk at the workshop on The Nature of Computation and Computation in Nature at Arizona State University, Tempe and the Beyond Center to talk about Algorithmicity and Programmability of Nature, 4-6 May, 2015. I may not make it this time though.
- U.S. I was invited to talk at the Information and Life workshop "Information, Causality and the Origin of Life" at the Beyond Center, Arizona State University, Tempe. I could not attend for personal reasons but a book published by Cambridge University Press is being prepared edited by Paul Davies, Sara Walker and George Ellis with a contribution from me with title Computation, Information and the transition from organized matter to the complex life.
- Netherlands: My group and I were invited to the Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science in the Netherlands to talk about our methods to calculate Kolmogorov complexity and our Online Algorithmic Complexity Caclulator in a Workshop on What is Complexity and How Do You Measure It? in November, 2014. Fernando Soler-Toscano accepted to cover me for this event. In the closing session Prof. Peter Aadrians whimsically described our complexity measure as "sent by God".
- Germany: I made it to the Heidelberg Laureate Forum to which I was invited and where 26 Fields medals, Abel, Nevanlinna and Turing Prize laureates who "met the next generation" in Heidelberg, Germany on 21-26 September 2014.
- Mexico: I opened the 1st International Summer Symposium on Systems Biology with an invited talk titled Complex Networks for Complex Diseases, August 4-6, 2014 at the INMEGEN (Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica), Mexico City.
- Greece: I was invited as closing Keynote speaker at IACAP 2014 of the International Association for Computing And Philosophy in July 2014. My talk title was Information and Computation in Synthetic Biology in Thessaloniki, Greece.
- U.S.: I was invited as instructor (faculty member) at the annual Wolfram Science Summer School, supervising between 5 to 6 students in June, Boston, MA in 2014.
- Singapore: I was invited as a visiting researcher to the Institute for Mathematical Sciences at the National University of Singapore (NUS), during June 2014. I gave an invited talk at the Conference on Computability, Complexity and Randomness CCR 2014 on Applications of algorithmic complexity to network science and biology in Singapore.
- UK: Invited talk at the special session on Representation and reality: humans, animals and machines at the AISB 50, 1-4 April 2014, Goldsmiths, University of London. My presentation with title Cognition, Information and Subjective Computation is available at slideshare. A book to be published by Springer with a paper contribution will be published under title The Algorithmic and Information-theoretic Approach to Cognition.
- Puerto Rico: I attended by invitation the 4th FQXi conference in Vieques, Puerto Rico, U.S. followed by a visit to the Arecibo Institute with Laurance Doyle from the SETI Institute and the observatory director Michael C. Nolan, 5-10 January, 2014.
- China: Invited speaker at the IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine 2013 (BIBM). Talk title: Information Theory and Programmable Medicine [slides] 18 - 21 December, 2013, Shanghai, China.
- Worldwide: Invited guest lecture on Complexity and Natural Computing: How can we test for artificial life? Complexity and Computation in Nature, Shangai Lectures on Natural and Artificial Intelligence, 7 November (broadcasted to about 20 universities). [video and slides]
- Sweden: Invited guest lecture: Complexity and Computation in Nature, CDT403 Research Methods in Natural Sciences and Engineering, Thur 2013-10-03, 15-17.00, Mälardalen University. School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Sweden.
- Italy: Invited speaker with talk title How can we test for artificial life? Testing for Non-linear Sensitivity and Programmability, Synthetic Modeling of Life and Cognition, SMLC 2013, September 2013, Taormina, Italy.
- U.S.: I was invited as instructor (faculty member) at the annual Wolfram Science Summer School, supervising between 5 to 6 students in June, Boston, MA in 2013.
- UK: I was invited to appear on National TV (All4) in the UK at the Four Rooms programme series 3 to present my Euclid's Elements book published in 1573 where it would be valued and 4 dealers made formal proposals to acquire it for up to 4K GBP, I decided to keep the book in my collection though, May 2013.
- UK: I was invited to the House of Lords by The Lord Empey of Shandon by way of Prof. Jonathan Bowen to the discussion of “Computer Science Education in the 21st Century – restoring Turing’s Legacy" at the Parliament of the United Kingdom, Westminster Palace, London, May 20, 2013.
- France: I attended the Computability Day workshop organized by Laurent Bienvenu at the University of Paris 7, 2012 in Paris.
- UK: I gave a talk on computability and numerical complexity invited by Prof. Natalio Krasnogor at the Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex Systems (ICOS) research group at the University of Nottingham in June, 2012 (the group now moved to the University of Newcastle).
- Belgium: I gave a talk at the "Turing in context II" Historical and Contemporary Research in Logic, Computing Machinery and AI, on October, 2012 at the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Sciences and the Arts, Brussels, Belgium
- UK: In 2012 I attended as speaker and participant several conferences organized in England in the context of the Alan Turing Year as part of the Turing Centenary Advisory Committee invited by the late Prof. (and friend) Barry Cooper, it included an invited talk at AISB at the University of Birmingham, the Alan Turing Year conference in Manchester and CiE at Cambridge.
- France: I was invited to give a talk at the workshop on Computability and Randomness organized by Laurent Bienvenu at the University of Paris 7 in June, 2011 in Paris.
- Egypt: We presented our work (with Joost Joosten) at the Workshop Physics and Computation from Luxor to Aswan on a ship on the Nile river in Septembre 2010.
- U.S.: I attended the Wolfram Technology Conference on Oct 13-15 in Urbana-Champaign, IL as an employee of Wolfram Research at its U.S. headquarters in 2010.
- U.S.: I was invited as instructor (faculty member) at the annual Wolfram Science Summer School, supervising between 5 to 6 students in Burlington, VT in 2010.
- Italy: I was invited to give a talk at the Workshop on Nonlinearity, Complexity and Randomness under the title The Algorithmic Footprint in Empirical Data in October of 2009 at the CIFREM/Department of Economics of the University of Trento, Italy.
- Belgium: I was invited to give a talk at the Seminaire ECCO at the Free University of Belgium in Brussels, November, 2009.
- Italy: I attended the Just One Universal Algorithm (JOUAL) workshop as part of the Program Committee held in Pisa, CNR, July 10, 2009
- France: I attended the 4th Conference on Logic Computability and Randomness at the CIRM, June 29 - July 3, in Marseille, 2009.
- Italy: I was invited as instructor (faculty member) at the annual Wolfram Science Summer School, supervising between 5 to 6 students in Pisa, Tuscany in 2009.
- France: I gave a talk at the Amphitheatre Kurt Gödel at the University of Sciences and Technologies, Lille, in September 2008.
- France: I was invited to give a talk at the Grande Salle, Seminaire of Philosophy of Mathematics (Philmat), Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences, IHPST, Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France. in December, 2008.
- U.S.: I was invited as instructor (faculty member) at the annual Wolfram Science Summer School, supervising between 5 to 6 students in Burlington, VT in 2008.
- U.S.: I gave a talk at the Summer School on Randomness at the Math department, University of Florida, USA. in May 2008 as a visiting scholar from Carnegie Mellon.
- U.S.: I was invited as instructor (faculty member) at the annual Wolfram Science Summer School, supervising between 5 to 6 students, Brown University, Providence, RI in 2007.
- U.S.: I presented a poster at the NKS Wolfram Science Conference in Washington, D.C. in June, 2006.
- U.S.: I co-organized the Midwest NKS Conference on October 28-30 at the University of Indiana Bloomington in 2005 with Adrian German (who did all the work and was so kind to invite me).
- U.S.: I attended the Wolfram Science Summer School (formerly NKS Wolfram Summer School) at Brown University, Providence, RI in 2005 (with kind financial support by Wolfram Research and UNAM).